Union Territories & Panchayats
(1) Seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in every Panchayat, proportional to their population share in that Panchayat area. (2) At least one-third of SC/ST-reserved seats are further reserved for SC/ST women. (3) At least one-third of ALL directly-elected seats (including the SC/ST-women seats already counted) are reserved for women generally. (4) Chairperson offices are similarly reserved for SC/ST and women, proportionally at the state level, with at least one-third reserved for women. (5) SC/ST reservation (though not women's reservation) expires per Article 334's timeline. (6) States may additionally reserve seats/Chairperson offices for backward classes.
This builds strong, mandatory affirmative-action representation directly into the Panchayat system: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes get seats proportional to their local population, at least a third of those specifically go to SC/ST women, and at least a third of ALL Panchayat seats (and Chairperson positions) are reserved for women generally - among the most significant grassroots gender-representation mandates anywhere in Indian law.
This is why India has one of the highest proportions of women in elected local government positions in the world - the mandatory one-third reservation for women in Panchayats (now raised to 50% in many states through their own further legislation) has brought over a million women into elected rural local government roles.