Offences Relating to Public Morals
(1)-(2) "Obscene" material (lascivious, appealing to prurient interest, or tending to deprave/corrupt likely viewers/readers, including electronic content) that is sold, hired, distributed, publicly exhibited, made/produced/possessed for such purposes, imported/exported, or profited from, is punished on first conviction with up to 2 years' imprisonment plus up to ₹5,000 fine, rising to up to 5 years plus up to ₹10,000 fine on repeat conviction. Exceptions protect material justified as being for the public good (science/literature/art/learning) or genuinely used for religious purposes, and certain ancient/religious representations.
This is the general obscenity offence, covering production, sale, distribution, and even advertising of obscene material, with a specific, carefully defined exception protecting genuine artistic, scientific, literary, and religious material from being treated as obscene.
This section's built-in exception means a serious work of literature or art dealing with mature themes for genuine artistic or educational purposes is protected, even if some might find aspects of it objectionable - the exception exists specifically to prevent obscenity law from being misused against legitimate creative or educational work.